In 500 education and was a luxury, and in 600 normal was illiteracy, even among the religious who were engaged to burn all traces of classical culture. In 518 an old soldier became the first emperor who could neither read nor write, his nephew gave him a strip so he could sign the papers reviewing the lines with the pen. This same nephew, Justinian , came to power last drove the philosophers, who found refuge in Persia and so got to salvage the classics that have survived until today. He also directed a final attempt to reconquer the Western Empire, but ultimately ended in failure.
bubonic plague eliminated a third of Europe's population. The kingdoms of the Visigoths, Franks, and Saxons, became fully independent. The Roman Empire and Persia bled each other in endless wars. So exhausted that ended in the seventh century the Arabs took to conquer Persia, Egypt and the eastern Mediterranean coast. With the conquest of Persia Classic culture assimilated and surpassed the Europeans to know that over the centuries VII VIII and IX just left us nothing in writing.
The Dark Ages had come to the end
Catholic Church forged a document ( The Donation of Constantine) to convert the Pope in the legitimate sovereign of the empire of the West, but the Popes delegated that power to the emperors they themselves chose. At Christmas the year 800, taking advantage of a woman reigned in Constantinople (which for the Church and the law of the Salian Franks was equivalent to saying that the throne was vacant), the Pope crowned Charlemagne as emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. Thereafter the empire of the East stopped considered "Roman" for Western Europe, and became known as "Greek Empire" or "Byzantine."
Charlemagne was also illiterate, but attempted to restore Roman culture. He studied his heir monks had no other choice but it was a mistake, as these monks ended up breaking up any attempt to raise the people's culture. To get an idea of \u200b\u200bhow he ended the papacy back to read the article on the pornocracy , covering the period 897-964.
depopulated cities
With the vast majority of the population consisted of serfs tied to the land of their masters. It ended slavery, but only in name. The feudal lords and heirs of the Roman aristocracy and barbarian chiefs (who arranged marriages between their children), were absolute rulers of their land. It was possible to make war between them or against their king. At first the king was chosen from one of the nobles to be a "first among equals" and lead the war, but as each nobleman had his private army the king had to negotiate with each of them. Over time, the king ran as a defender of the people against the abuses of the nobles, and over time it was the "absolute monarchy", but that's another story and our end here.
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